Full polyurethane inonzi polyurethane, iri pamwe wodzokorora urethane mapoka (NHCOO) macromolecular remubatanidzwa rine mu huru cheni. Zvinonzi kubva ane makemikari diisocyanate kana polyisocyanate remubatanidzwa maviri kana kupfuura hydroxyl polyaddition. Zvinotevera zvakaitwa payakavakirwa: -N = C = O + Ho- → -NH-COO-, kuwedzera polyurethane macromolecule carbamate, unogonawo ane Ether, Ester, urea, biuret, allophanate, etc. mapoka.
(Cyanate
Description: HOC≡N (n) cyanate HN = C = O (isocyanate) ane (zvakanaka) cyanate uye isocyanate maviri siyana. The akasununguka asidhi musanganiswa vaviri, kwete kuparadzana yokutanga, asi esters aro kaviri. Cyanate iri kugadzikana uye kungatikanganisa mvura. Pane kunhuwira acetic asidhi simba. Density 1.14. Achibika pfungwa 23.6 ℃. Ratidza acidity rakasimba aqueous mhinduro. Kugadzikana, nyore polymerization. Amoniya uye carbon dioxide kunotangira panguva hydrolysis. Kana generating carbamates uye alcohols basa. (N) isocyanate ROC≡N nyore polymerization, uye kubatwa hydrolysis, rwaiwanikwa yakachena chimiro akaoma. Isocyanate Rn = C = O kana O = C = NRN = C = O, kazhinji kusingafadzi kwakanaka ine mvura. Cyanate cyanuric asidhi inogona vakazvigadzirirwa chafariz manyowa. )
Polyurethane zvigadzirwa vanoumba zvakapfava, Semi-aoma uye vanachandagwinyira furo, elastomers, pendi, adhesives, sealants, chakaita zvokugadzirwa matehwe unhani Inogadzirwa nemasiridzi anobuda mumiti, elastomeric fibers, zvinowanzoshandiswa mukugadzira motokari, firiji kugadzira, zvokufambisa, mapurani kuvaka, shangu, chakaita zvokugadzirwa dehwe, Whitehead Textile, michini, petrochemical, migodhi michini, Aerospace, zvokurapa, kurima uye nezvimwe minda zhinji.
Zvichienderana yakatsvuka siyana zvinhu, anogona kuva marudzi akasiyana zvigadzirwa, kazhinji marudzi maviri polyester uye polyether. Polyether polyurethane iri kunyanya kugadzirira polyurethane zvinhu kunotsanangurwa kuti polyol, mumwe polyurethane polyol kuti zvakagadzirwa zvachose kubva polyether polyol kana vazhinji nhaka munyika.
Polyether polyols ari samolecular mamiriro, imwe Eteri chisungo cohesive simba riri pasi, uye nyore tenderera, saka ndiyo yakanaka yakaderera-tembiricha polyurethane zvinhu yakagadzirwa ayo raichinja-chinja chaitwa, chakanakisisa hydrolysis nemishonga, kunyange sezvo zvakanaka sezvo zvemaziso ehupfumi kuti polyester polyurethane, asi pasi viscosity zvinhu, nyore uye isocyanate zvinoriumba miscible yokuvirisa, chakanakisisa kugadzira unongotaura.
Polyester polyols vari anowanzozi kubudikidza dicarboxylic asidhi ane glycol nemamwe polyester polyol nokuda condensation kuita. Broadly rine boka Ester (vanogurukuta) kana carbonate boka (OCOO) polyol. anoshandiswa Polyurethane furo nevakawanda. Soft furo dzinowanzotsigi- inoshandiswa fenicha uye motokari zvakasiyana siyana nhoo zvinhu, kuputira zvinhu; vanachandagwinyira furo kuputira dzinowanzotsigi- kushandiswa imba midziyo yemagetsi, pekugara rusvingo mvura pfapfaidzo furo kuputira, mutopota kuputira zvinhu, kuvaka ukomba, refrigerated marori uye kuchitonhora okuchengetera kuputira nezvimwe; Semi-vanachandagwinyira furo inoshandiswa motokari Chishandiso ukomba, mudhiraivho uye zvichingodaro. The musika ane zvakasiyana siyana nokurondedzerwa kuti polyurethane furo wemishonga nezvinhu (mbiri-chikamu premix), zvikurukuru nokuti (mushonga kuchitonhora) yakakwirira kushinga furo, Semi-vanachandagwinyira furo, vachikanda uye spraying zvakaoma furo epurasitiki.
(Diethyl Eteri
1. Kana musanganiswa panyaya iyi uye kuramba sulfuric asidhi akanga neshungu kuti 140 ℃ anogona intermolecular kupera mvura mumuviri zvigadzirwa pamwe Eteri. Nekutsvaga sulfuric asidhi sechinhu dehydrating mumiriri apo nokuva gombedzero.
2. mukana wokuti vanhu vanga: 2 CH3-CH2-OH - catalyzed uye nekutsvaga H2SO4 → pa 140 ℃ CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH3 + H2O)
Polyurethane elastomer
Polyurethane elastomer chinhu polyurethane chinoumbwa nezvinhu dzakasiyana-siyana, nokuti mamiriro ayo munyoro uye yakaoma zvikamu zviviri, zvinogona zvakagadzirirwa kuti ripe samolecular zvinhu ane mukuru simba, kusimba, kupfeka nemishonga, mafuta nemishonga, chakanakisisa kuita, zvose pamwe rabha kuva mukuru elasticity uye Rigidity kuti mapurasitiki, rinonzi "kupfeka nemishonga rabha."
Polyurethane elastomer zvino anogona kushandisa chete zvayo rabha mastication, nokusanganisa, achirapa Kuumbwa kwacho (kureva MPU); wo kupiwa emura rabha, vakakanda Kuumbwa kana spraying vachikanda, Centrifugal Kuumbwa (kureva CPU); rinogona akagadzirira kupinda pellets, uye, kufanana zvavo mapurasitiki, jekiseni, extrusion, calendering, muridze Kuumbwa nemamwe maitiro (pamusoro CPU). Kuumbwa kana jekiseni kuumbwa zvikamu, mukati mumwe zvakawanda zvakaoma, asi anogona kubviswa, kukuya, kuchera nezvimwe machine. Processing zvakasiyana-siyana, kuti polyurethane elastomer yakafara chaizvo applicability, chikumbira kuramba richikura.
Oil nemishonga, ozone nemishonga, kuchembera nemishonga, nemwaranzi nemishonga, pasi tembiricha, läpinäkyvä mutsindo zvakanaka, simba adhesion, chakanakisisa biocompatibility uye ropa kugarisana. zvakwakanakira izvi ndizvo polyurethane elastomer zvinowanzoshandiswa zvechiuto, Aerospace, acoustics, biology uye zvimwe zvikonzero.
The chikuru mukana polyurethane elastomer:
1, chokupika ari chinjika kwaasingasvikiri. A nhamba mumuviri uye zvokuimba waivako zviratidzo zvinogona kugadziridzwa nokuda pakusarudza yakatsvuka zvinhu uye Formulations, mukati imwe chikuva, kundosangana siyana zvinodiwa chigadzirwa unongotaura. Akadai zvakaoma, kazhinji unokosha chokukomborerwa chigadzirwa wacho vanozvishandisa, vose yakagadzirwa polyurethane elastomer Shore A neukukutu 20 kana kuti nyoro kudhinda rollers, asi akaitawo anopfuura 70 Shore D neukukutu zvakaoma rabha chinotenderera rinopfungaira, ichi chinhu vakawanda elastomeric zvinhu zvakaoma kuita. Polyurethane elastomer chinhu polar polymer zvinhu anoumbwa zvikamu zvizhinji uye zvikamu zvakaoma riine kusanduka cheni, pamwe kuvandudzika uye Zvakawanikwa polar boka arambe achirema zvakaoma chidimbu inorwara simba elastomer chepakutanga neukukutu achawedzerwa maererano.
2, mukuru kusakara kuramba. Zvikurukuru pane mvura, mafuta wetting svikiro huripo kushanda mamiriro, kuti vapfeke kuramba kazhinji kakawanda kuti kakawanda zvazvo rabha zvinhu. Metallic zvinhu zvakadai simbi, kunyange rakaoma chaizvo, asi kwete hazvo kupfeka, akadai guru pombi kudiridza nzvimbo Yellow River, kuti overcurrent dziviriro zvinoriumba uye muromo simbi mhete mhete pashure yakawanda emadhaka kukurwa kwevhu, haatori mazana maawa kuti zvikuru kupfeka leakage, nepo kushandiswa polyurethane elastomer zvemapuranga muromo mhete uye mhete chinodzivirira kuramba ichishanda 1800 kuva diki asi kupfeka. Vamwe, vakadai mupunga azvikuya akashandisa rabha chinotenderera hulling muchina, vibrating nechidzitiro nomusero Coal rokugadzirira uye runway njanji nhandare, nemicherechedzo mafuta guru rakashandiswa forklift Crane erevheta vhiri uye vhiri chinotenderera skates, etc. tiri polyurethane elastomer It anouya. In bhuku iri pfungwa zvinodiwa kuvandudza coefficient pakati kukweshera rakadzika-pokuoma polyurethane elastomer nhengo, kuvandudza kupfeka nemishonga pasi mutoro kubereka, unogona kuwedzera shoma aruminiyamu disulfide, graphite kana mafuta silicone yakadaro polyurethane elastomer, etc. mafuta.
Post nguva: Nov-24-2018