Full polyurethane akpọ polyurethane, bụ ịgụnye megharịa urethane otu (NHCOO) macromolecular compound nwere na isi yinye. Ọ na-mere si na-organic diisocyanate ma ọ bụ polyisocyanate compound na abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa hydroxyl polyaddition. Ihe na-esonụ bụ mmeghachi omume usoro: -N = C = O + HO- → -NH-COO-, na mgbakwunye na nke polyurethane macromolecule carbamate, nwere ike ịnwekwa ether, Ester, urea, biuret, allophanate, wdg iche iche.
(Cyanate
Description: HOC≡N (n) cyanate HN = C = O (isocyanate) nwere a (mma) cyanate na isocyanate abụọ iche iche. The free acid bụ ngwakọta nke ma, ọ bụghị nkewa oghere, ma ya esters abụọ iche-iche. Cyanate bụ obodo na corrosive mmiri. Na e nwere ike isi nke acetic acid. Njupụta 1,14. Esi ebe 23,6 ℃. Gosi ike acidity na okenye ihe ngwọta. Ejighị n'aka, mfe polymerization. Amonia na carbon dioxide eme n'oge hydrolysis. Mgbe ha na carbamates na alcohols ọrụ. (N) isocyanate ROC≡N mfe polymerization, na susceptible ka hydrolysis, e nwetara dị ọcha ụdị ike. Isocyanate RN = C = O ma ọ O = C = NRN = C = O, n'ozuzu wetara isi na a mmiri mmiri. Cyanate cyanuric acid nwere ike na-akwadebe site thermal decomposition. )
Polyurethane ngwaahịa etolite soft, ọkara isiike na isiike foams, elastomers, ágbá, adhesives, sealants, sịntetik akpụkpọ anụ mkpuchi resins, Elastomeric emep uta eri, ọtụtụ-eji ụgbọala n'ichepụta, friji n'ichepụta, ụgbọ njem, obodo engineering ewu, akpụkpọ ụkwụ, sịntetik akpụkpọ anụ, akwa, ígwè, Petrochemical, Ngwuputa ígwè, aerospace, ọgwụ, agriculture na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ ubi.
Dabere na dị iche iche ngwaọrụ, nwere ike dị iche iche nke ngwaahịa, n'ozuzu abụọ na ụdị polyester na polyether. Polyether polyurethane bụ tumadi polyurethane ihe nkwadebe kọwaa nke polyol, a polyurethane polyol na-akwadebe ihe kpamkpam polyether polyol ma ọ bụ a ọtụtụ nke aku na usoro.
Polyether polyols na molekụla Ọdịdị, ihe ether nkekọ cohesive ume bụ ala, na mfe bugharia, n'ihi ya, ọ bụ a ọma ala-okpomọkụ polyurethane kwadebere ya supple arụmọrụ, magburu onwe hydrolysis eguzogide, ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụghị dị ka ihe ọma dị ka n'ibu Njirimara nke polyester polyurethane, ma ala viscosity ihe, mfe na isocyanate akụrụngwa miscible nwekwara, ndị magburu onwe nhazi arụmọrụ.
Polyester polyols na-na-akpọ site a dicarboxylic acid na a glycol na ndị ọzọ na polyester polyol site odide mmeghachi omume. Agụnye nwere Ester otu (Igba) ma ọ bụ a carbonate otu (OCOO) polyol. Polyurethane foams na n'ọtụtụ ebe, na-eji. Soft ụfụfụ na-bụ-eji maka ngwá ụlọ na ugbo ala dị iche iche na ute ihe, mkpuchi ihe; isiike ụfụfụ mkpuchi na-bụ-eji maka ezinụlọ ngwa, ụlọ mgbidi waterproofing ịgba ụfụfụ mkpuchi, ọjà mkpuchi ihe, ụlọ ogwe, refrigerated gwongworo na oyi nchekwa mkpuchi na ihe ndị ọzọ; ọkara isiike ụfụfụ eji na akpakanamde ngwá ogwe, n'iru wheel na na. The ahịa nwere a dịgasị iche iche nke nkọwa maka polyurethane ụfụfụ Nchikota ihe (abụọ-akụrụngwa premix), tumadi maka (oyi na-agwọ) elu resilience foams, ọkara isiike foams, nēfe na spraying ike ụfụfụ plastic.
(Diethyl ether
1. Mgbe a ngwakọta nke ethanol na lekwasị na igirigi ibu sulphuric acid dị ọkụ 140 ℃ nwere ike intermolecular akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ na ngwaahịa na ether. Itinye na igirigi ibu sulphuric acid ka a dehydrating gị n'ụlọnga ebe mkpali.
2. akụkụ: 2 CH3-CH2-OH - catalyzed na lekwasị H2SO4 → na 140 ℃ CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH3 + H2O)
Polyurethane elastomer
Polyurethane elastomer bụ a polyurethane mejupụtara ihe onwunwe nke a dịgasị iche iche, n'ihi na nke ya Ọdịdị na nro na ike abụọ agba, nwere ike iji nweta molekụla ihe onwunwe na-enwe a dị elu ike, ike, na-eyi ndị na-eguzogide, mmanụ na-eguzogide, magburu onwe arụmọrụ, ma na roba enwe elu ekwedo na rigidity nke plastic, na-akpọ "na-eyi na-eguzogide roba."
Polyurethane elastomer nwere ike ugbu a na-eji otu general roba mastication, agwakọta, na-agwọ ịkpụzi usoro (ezo MPU); nakwa ka nke mmiri mmiri roba, tubà ịkpụzi ma ọ bụ spraying, mgbatị, centrifugal ịkpụzi (na-ezo aka CPU); nwekwara ike-kwadebere n'ime pellets, na, dị ka nkịtị plastic, ogwu ogbugba, extrusion, calendering, igbu ịkpụzi ndị ọzọ Filiks (nke CPU). Nkedo ma ọ bụ ọgwụ kpụrụ akụkụ, n'ime otu nso nke ekweghị ekwe, ma na-ike a ga-ebipụ, egweri, mkpọpu ala na ndị ọzọ na machining. Nhazi nke di iche iche, na polyurethane elastomer sara mbara nke ukwuu applicability, ngwa-anọgide na-agbasa.
Oil eguzogide, ozone eguzogide, merela agadi-eguzogide, radieshon-eguzogide, ala okpomọkụ, uzo ụda mma, ike adhesion, magburu onwe biocompatibility na ọbara ndakọrịta. Ndị a uru bụ polyurethane elastomer ọtụtụ-eji agha, aerospace, acoustics, bayoloji na ihe ndị ọzọ.
Ndị isi uru nke polyurethane elastomer:
1, arụmọrụ nke mgbanwe nso. A ọnụ ọgụgụ nke anụ ahụ na nke n'ibu arụmọrụ egosi pụrụ ịgbanwe site na nhọrọ nke ngwaọrụ na formulations, n'ime otu nso, izute dị iche iche a chọrọ maka ngwaahịa arụmọrụ. Dị ka ekweghị ekwe, bụ mgbe ihe dị mkpa na-egosi nke ngwaahịa na ọrụ, ma mere nke polyurethane elastomer Shore A ekweghị ekwe nke 20 ma ọ bụ otú soft-ebi akwụkwọ rollers, ma mere karịa 70 Shore D ekweghị ekwe nke ike roba ala Rolling, nke a bụ a n'ozuzu Elastomeric ihe siri ike ime. Polyurethane elastomer bụ a pola polima ihe onwunwe esịnede ọtụtụ agba na ike agba esịnede mgbanwe yinye, na mma na-abawanye nke na polar otu njupụta ike nke nkezi nke elastomer mbụ ike na ekweghị ekwe ga-amụba ya.
2, elu wear eguzogide. Karịsịa ebe ọ bụ na mmiri, mmanụ wetting ajụ ẹdude arụ ọrụ na ọnọdụ, na-eyi ndị na-eguzogide bụ mgbe ọtụtụ ugboro ka ọtụtụ ugboro nkịtị roba ihe. Dara ihe ndị dị ka ígwè, ọ bụ ezie na nnọọ ike, ma ọ bụchaghị na-eyi, otú ahụ dị ka nnukwu mgbapụta mmiri nke ebe Yellow River, na overcurrent nchedo mmiri na metal ọnụ mgbanaka mgbanaka mgbe a otutu sedimenti ozize, anaghị ọtụtụ narị awa na oké eyi leakage, mgbe ojiji nke polyurethane elastomer ntekwasa ọnụ mgbanaka na mgbanaka nchebe bụ-aga n'ihu ime 1800 n'ime a obere ma na-eyi. Ndị ọzọ, dị ka osikapa-egwe ọka eji roba ala hulling igwe, jijiji ihuenyo myọ Kol Nkwadebe na track ámá egwuregwu runway, ike mmanụ akàrà eji forklift kreenu mbuli wheel na wheel ala skates, wdg na-polyurethane elastomer Ọ na-abịa. Ke a akwụkwọ na-ekwu bụ mkpa iji melite ọnụọgụ nke esemokwu nke ala-na-ekweghị ekwe polyurethane elastomer so, mma-eyi ndị na-eguzogide n'okpuru ibu amị, i nwere ike tinye a obere ego nke aluminum disulfide, graphite ma ọ bụ silicone mmanụ na ndị dị otú a polyurethane elastomer, wdg mmanu.
Post oge: Nov-24-2018