Cikakken polyurethane kira polyurethane, shi ne tare sake urethane kungiyoyin (NHCOO) macromolecular fili dauke a cikin babban sarkar. An sanya daga Organic diisocyanate ko polyisocyanate fili tare da biyu ko fiye hydroxyl polyaddition. Wadannan dauki dabara: -N = C = Yã + HO- → -NH-COO-, ban da polyurethane macromolecule carbamate, kuma iya dauke da Eter, ester, urea, biuret, allophanate, da dai sauransu kungiyoyin.
(Cyanate
Description: HOC≡N (n) cyanate HN = C = Yã (isocyanate) yana da wani (m) cyanate da isocyanate iri biyu. The free acid ne cakuda duka biyu, ba rabuwa bude, amma ta esters ne biyu siffofin. Cyanate ne maras tabbas, kuma lalatattu taya. Akwai alaka mai karfi wari da acetic acid. Yawa 1.14. Tafasar batu 23,6 ℃. Nuna karfi acidity a ruwa-ruwa bayani. M, sauƙi Polymerization. Ammonia da carbon dioxide generated a lokacin hydrolysis. A lokacin da samar carbamates da alcohols rawa. (N) isocyanate ROC≡N sauki Polymerization, kuma mai saukin kamuwa zuwa hydrolysis, da aka samu a cikin m siffar wuya. Isocyanate RN = C = Yã ko Yã = C = NRN = C = Ya, kullum m wari da wani ruwa. Cyanate cyanuric acid za a iya shirya ta thermal bazuwar. )
Polyurethane kayayyakin samar da taushi, Semi-m, kuma m foams, elastomers, Paints, adhesives, sealants, roba fata shafi resins, elastomeric zaruruwa, amfani da ko'ina a mota masana'antu, firiji masana'antu, sufuri, injiniya yi, takalma, roba fata, yadi, kayan aiki, petrochemical, ma'adinai kayan, Aerospace, likitanci, noma da kuma da yawa wasu filayen.
Dangane da daban-daban raw kayan, za a iya samun daban-daban na kayayyakin, kullum iri biyu polyester da polyether. Polyether polyurethane ne yafi polyurethane abu shiri a tsare for polyol, a polyurethane polyol cewa an shirya gaba ɗaya daga polyether polyol ko wani rinjaye na mallaka a cikin tsarin.
Polyether polyols a cikin kwayoyin tsarin, an ether bond cohesive makamashi ne low, da kuma sauki juya, don haka shi ne mai kyau low-zazzabi polyurethane abu ta shirya ta supple yi, mãdalla da hydrolysis juriya, ko da yake ba kamar yadda mai kyau a matsayin inji Properties na polyester polyurethane, amma low danko kayan, sauki da kuma isocyanate bangaren miscible Additives, madalla da aiki yi.
Polyester polyols ake kullum kira su da wani dicarboxylic acid tare da wani glycol da sauran polyester polyol da sandaro dauki. Broadly dauke da ester kungiyar (COO) ko wani carbonate kungiyar (OCOO) polyol. Polyurethane foams an yadu amfani. Soft kumfa ne yafi amfani ga furniture da kuma motocin da daban-daban mat kayan, rufi kayan. m kumfa rufi ne yafi amfani ga iyali kayan, gidaje bango waterproofing fesa kumfa rufi, da sarewa rufi kayan, gini bangarori, firiji manyan motoci da kuma sanyi ajiya rufi da sauran kayan. Semi-m kumfa amfani a mota kayan aiki bangarori, matuƙin jirgin ruwa da sauransu. A kasuwar yana da dama bayani dalla-dalla ga polyurethane kumfa hade da kayan (biyu-bangaren premix), yafi ga (sanyi magani) high tsirar foams, Semi-m foams, Fitar da spraying wuya kumfa roba.
(Diethyl ether
1. Lokacin da cakuda ethanol da kuma mayar da hankali sulfuric acid da aka kona a 140 ℃ iya intermolecular dehydration kayayyakin da ether. Mayar da hankali sulfuric acid a matsayin dehydrating wakili inda kara kuzari.
2. lissafi: 2 CH3-CH2-OH - catalyzed da kuma mayar da hankali H2SO4 → a 140 ℃ CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH3 + H2O)
Polyurethane elastomer
Polyurethane elastomer ne polyurethane kumshin abu na wani iri-iri, saboda da tsarin da taushi da kuma m biyu segments, za a iya tsara don goya kwayoyin abu da ciwon high ƙarfi, tauri, sa juriya, mai juriya, mãdalla yi, duka biyu tare da roba da ciwon high elasticity kuma rigidity na roba, da ake kira "ci-resistant roba."
Polyurethane elastomer iya yanzu amfani da wannan janar roba mastication, hadawa, curing gyare-gyaren tsari (miƙa MPU). kuma a yi ruwa roba, jefa gyaren ko spraying, simintin, centrifugal gyare-gyaren (koma zuwa CPU). kuma za a iya shirya a cikin katsin, da kuma, kamar talakawa roba, allura, extrusion, calendering, duka gyare-gyaren da kuma sauran matakai (na CPU). Gyaren ko allura wanda ya canja sassa, a cikin wasu kewayon taurin, amma kuma za a iya yanka, da nika, hakowa da kuma sauran machining. Processing na bambancin, da polyurethane elastomer sosai m applicability, aikace-aikace ci gaba da fadada.
Mai juriya, lemar sararin samaniya juriya, tsufa juriya, radiation juriya, low zazzabi, m sauti mai kyau, karfi da mannewa, m biocompatibility da jini karfinsu. Wadannan abũbuwan amfãni ne polyurethane elastomer yadu a yi amfani soja, Aerospace, acoustics, ilmin halitta da kuma sauran dalilai.
Babban amfani da polyurethane elastomer:
1, wasan kwaikwayon na daidaitacce kewayo. A lamba ta jiki da kuma inji yi Manuniya za a iya gyara ta hanyar zabin da albarkatun kasa da kuma formulations, a cikin wasu iyaka, ka sadu da daban-daban da bukatun ga samfurin yi. Kamar taurin, shi ne sau da yawa wani muhimmin nuna alama daga cikin samfurin ta masu amfani, duka biyu sanya na polyurethane elastomer baki A taurin 20 ko haka taushi bugu rollers, amma kuma sanya fiye da 70 baki D taurin wuya roba nadi mirgina, wannan shi ne wani janar elastomeric material wuya a yi. Polyurethane elastomer ne a iyakacin duniya polymer kayan hada da sassa da daman da wuya segments hada da m sarkar, tare da kyautata da kuma karuwa daga cikin iyakacin duniya kungiyar yawa wuya kashi rabo daga elastomer asali ƙarfi ne, kuma taurin za a karu yadda ya kamata.
2, m lalacewa juriya. Musamman inda akwai ruwa, man wetting matsakaici data kasance aiki yanayin, da lalacewa juriya ne sau da yawa sau da dama ya sau da yawa cikin talakawa roba kayan. Ƙarfe kayan kamar karfe, ko da yake da wuya, amma ba dole ba sa, kamar manyan famfo ban ruwa yanki na Yellow River, da overcurrent kariya gyara da kuma ƙarfe bakinka zobe zobe bayan mai yawa laka yashewa, ba dauki daruruwan hours mai tsanani sa yayyo, yayin da yin amfani da polyurethane elastomer mai rufi bakin zobe da zobe kariya ne ci gaba da aiki 1800 zuwa wani karamin tukuna sa. Others, irin su shinkafa milling amfani da roba nadi hulling na'ura, fašakarwar allo sieve Coal Shiri kuma lura da filin wasan titin jiragen sama, tsauri man like amfani forklift crane lif dabaran da dabaran nadi skates, da dai sauransu su ma polyurethane elastomer Ya zo a cikin. A wannan tunani batu ne da ake bukata don inganta coefficient na gogayya na low-taurin polyurethane elastomer memba, don inganta ci juriya karkashin load hali, za ka iya ƙara kananan adadin aluminum disulfide, graphite ko silicone man a cikin irin wannan polyurethane elastomer, da dai sauransu man shafawa.
Post lokaci: Nov-24-2018